RedHat6.5系统LVM扩容根文件系统

2020-06-16 15:20:39

一、新增物理空间二、linux中创建新分区1、首先查看硬盘信息，用fdisk -l命令，如果有硬盘有剩余空间就可以对其进行分区。2、下面对/dev/sda进行分区3、建立扩展分区4、扩展分区建好就可以在扩展分区建立逻辑分区了5、上面显示已经建好一个主分区，一个逻辑分区，但是这些现在还没有生效，需要保存退出。三、 Linux系统LVM增加新硬盘实现根文件系统扩容1、创建物理卷2、查看创建好的物理卷3、卷组扩容4、查看扩容之后的卷组信息5、逻辑卷扩容6、查看扩容之后的逻辑卷7、文件系统扩容8、成功

一、新增物理空间

二、linux中创建新分区

1、首先查看硬盘信息，用fdisk -l命令，如果有硬盘有剩余空间就可以对其进行分区。

[root@master 桌面]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 64.4 GB, 64424509440 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 7832 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x0004bbc1

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1          64      512000   83  Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2              64        2611    20458496   8e  Linux LVM

Disk /dev/mapper/vg_hadoop-lv_root: 18.8 GB, 18798870528 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2285 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000


Disk /dev/mapper/vg_hadoop-lv_swap: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

2、下面对/dev/sda进行分区

fdisk /dev/sda

Command (m for help): m   //输入m查看帮助文档

Command (m for help): n   //输入n新建分区

[root@master ~]# fdisk /dev/sda

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
         switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
         sectors (command 'u').

Command (m for help): m
Command action
   a   toggle a bootable flag
   b   edit bsd disklabel
   c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
   d   delete a partition
   l   list known partition types
   m   print this menu
   n   add a new partition
   o   create a new empty DOS partition table
   p   print the partition table
   q   quit without saving changes
   s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
   t   change a partition's system id
   u   change display/entry units
   v   verify the partition table
   w   write table to disk and exit
   x   extra functionality (experts only)

Command (m for help): n
Command action
   e   extended
   p   primary partition (1-4)

3、建立扩展分区

有扩展分区和主分区，逻辑分区在扩展分区中建立。注意到括号中的1-4，最多只能建四个主分区（包括扩展分区）。这里创建扩展分区，

输入 ： e  #建立扩展分区

Partition number (1-4)  ：  3   #因为已经有sda1、sda2了

First cylinder (2611-7832, default 2611):Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (2611-7832, default 7832): #直接Enter键，默认即可

Command (m for help): p   #查看分区结果

Command action
   e   extended
   p   primary partition (1-4)
e
Partition number (1-4): 3
First cylinder (2611-7832, default 2611): 
Using default value 2611
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (2611-7832, default 7832): 
Using default value 7832

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sda: 64.4 GB, 64424509440 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 7832 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x0004bbc1

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1          64      512000   83  Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2              64        2611    20458496   8e  Linux LVM
/dev/sda3            2611        7832    41939020    5  Extended

4、扩展分区建好就可以在扩展分区建立逻辑分区了

Command (m for help): n

输入 ： l  建立逻辑分区

Command (m for help): p   #查看分区结果

Command action
   l   logical (5 or over)
   p   primary partition (1-4)
l
First cylinder (2611-7832, default 2611): 
Using default value 2611
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (2611-7832, default 7832): 
Using default value 7832

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sda: 64.4 GB, 64424509440 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 7832 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x0004bbc1

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1          64      512000   83  Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2              64        2611    20458496   8e  Linux LVM
/dev/sda3            2611        7832    41939020    5  Extended
/dev/sda5            2611        7832    41938988+  83  Linux

5、上面显示已经建好一个主分区，一个逻辑分区，但是这些现在还没有生效，需要保存退出。

Command (m for help):w   #保存退出

输入 reboot 重启系统生效。

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: 设备或资源忙.
The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at
the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
Syncing disks.

三、 Linux系统LVM增加新硬盘实现根文件系统扩容

1、创建物理卷

fdisk -l

[root@master local]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 64.4 GB, 64424509440 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 7832 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x0004bbc1

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1          64      512000   83  Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2              64        2611    20458496   8e  Linux LVM
/dev/sda3            2611        7832    41939020    5  Extended
/dev/sda5            2611        7832    41938988+  83  Linux

Disk /dev/mapper/vg_hadoop-lv_root: 18.8 GB, 18798870528 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2285 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000


Disk /dev/mapper/vg_hadoop-lv_swap: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

pvcreate /dev/sda5

[root@master local]# pvcreate /dev/sda5
  Physical volume "/dev/sda5" successfully created

2、查看创建好的物理卷

pvdisplay /dev/sda5

[root@master local]# pvdisplay /dev/sda5
  "/dev/sda5" is a new physical volume of "40.00 GiB"
  --- NEW Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sda5
  VG Name               
  PV Size               40.00 GiB
  Allocatable           NO
  PE Size               0   
  Total PE              0
  Free PE               0
  Allocated PE          0
  PV UUID               qX00lY-nkpd-4txl-HFwM-6NuT-wMqu-yEFehV

3、卷组扩容

vgdisplay

[root@master local]# vgdisplay
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               vg_hadoop
  System ID             
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  3
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                2
  Open LV               2
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               19.51 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              4994
  Alloc PE / Size       4994 / 19.51 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       0 / 0   
  VG UUID               iQqDwB-Ft3T-aFfh-7nwK-alS3-LSMo-Uid9nz

vgextend vg_hadoop /dev/sda5

[root@master local]# vgextend vg_hadoop /dev/sda5
  Volume group "vg_hadoop" successfully extended

4、查看扩容之后的卷组信息

vgdisplay

[root@master local]# vgdisplay
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               vg_hadoop
  System ID             
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        2
  Metadata Sequence No  4
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                2
  Open LV               2
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                2
  Act PV                2
  VG Size               59.50 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              15232
  Alloc PE / Size       4994 / 19.51 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       10238 / 39.99 GiB
  VG UUID               iQqDwB-Ft3T-aFfh-7nwK-alS3-LSMo-Uid9nz

5、逻辑卷扩容

df -h

[root@master local]# df -h
Filesystem                     Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_hadoop-lv_root   18G   12G  5.1G  70% /
tmpfs                          1.9G  224K  1.9G   1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1                      485M   40M  421M   9% /boot
/dev/sr0                       3.6G  3.6G     0 100% /media/RHEL_6.5 x86_64 Disc 1

lvextend -L +38G /dev/mapper/vg_hadoop-lv_root

[root@master local]# lvextend -L +38G /dev/mapper/vg_hadoop-lv_root 
  Extending logical volume lv_root to 55.51 GiB
  Logical volume lv_root successfully resized

6、查看扩容之后的逻辑卷

lvdisplay /dev/vg_hadoop/lv_root

[root@master local]# lvdisplay /dev/vg_hadoop/lv_root
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/vg_hadoop/lv_root
  LV Name                lv_root
  VG Name                vg_hadoop
  LV UUID                wv0vJ6-c5Dd-Su9k-7dSV-P3KE-CF88-ElqYFA
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time hadoop, 2017-07-05 18:56:16 +0800
  LV Status              available
  # open                 1
  LV Size                55.51 GiB
  Current LE             14210
  Segments               2
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     256
  Block device           253:0

7、文件系统扩容

resize2fs /dev/vg_hadoop/lv_root

[root@master local]# resize2fs /dev/vg_hadoop/lv_root
resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem at /dev/vg_hadoop/lv_root is mounted on /; on-line resizing required
old desc_blocks = 2, new_desc_blocks = 4
Performing an on-line resize of /dev/vg_hadoop/lv_root to 14551040 (4k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/vg_hadoop/lv_root is now 14551040 blocks long.

8、成功

df -h

[root@master local]# df -h
Filesystem                     Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_hadoop-lv_root   55G   12G   41G  22% /
tmpfs                          1.9G  224K  1.9G   1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1                      485M   40M  421M   9% /boot
/dev/sr0                       3.6G  3.6G     0 100% /media/RHEL_6.5 x86_64 Disc 1